Abstrak Artikel
The increasingly widespread phenomenon of global environmental damage has prompted the emergence of a new discourse in international criminal law, namely the recognition of ecocide as an extraordinary crime. The concept of ecocide refers to acts of environmental destruction that are massive, systematic, and have a broad impact on human survival and the Earth's ecosystem. This study aims to analyze the urgency of classifying ecocide as an extraordinary crime by conducting a comparative study between Indonesia, Belgium, and the Netherlands. These three countries have different legal characteristics, but show a similar trend in strengthening environmental protection through criminal law instruments. Although various regulations exist, such as Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, the sanctions stipulated are still limited to the framework of ordinary crimes, not addressing extraordinary dimensions such as corruption or terrorism. In contrast, Belgium and the Netherlands have begun to adopt a progressive approach by encouraging the recognition of ecocide in their national legal systems and supporting its integration into the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The analysis shows that the urgency of classifying ecocide as an extraordinary crime lies in the global need for a stricter criminal accountability mechanism for perpetrators of large-scale environmental destruction. In conclusion, the criminalization of ecocide is not only important for upholding ecological justice, but also serves as a strategic instrument in maintaining environmental sustainability and strengthening Indonesia's international legal position on global environmental protection issues
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